Pakistan, who have lost their past 11 completed one-day internationals, including a 4-0 series defeat to England, went on the attack from the start, with Fakhar Zaman and Imam-ul-Haq giving their side early momentum.
Pakistan beat World Cup favourites England by 14 runs despite centuries for Joe Root and Jos Buttler at Trent Bridge on Monday.
Having scored 348 for eight in their 50 overs thanks to 84 from Mohammad Hafeez and Babar Azam's 63, Pakistan held off the England charge with a late flurry of wickets to leave them 334-9.
Root scored 107 and Buttler made 103, but that was not enough to stop hosts England suffering a first defeat in their second match of the tournament as Pakistan bounced back from a thrashing against the West Indies.
Hafeez was adjudged as player of the match.
Hafeez made the most of a reprieve when Jason Roy floored a routine chance at mid-off following a skied drive off Adil Rashid, with the batsman on 14.
With Babar Azam (63) and Pakistan captain Sarfaraz Ahmed (55) also making fifties, this was a major turnaround from a Pakistan side who collapsed to 105 all out in a seven-wicket defeat by the West Indies in their World Cup opener at the same ground on Friday.
Pakistan were undone by a barrage of bouncers against the West Indies and England, unsurprisingly, deployed similar tactics after captain Eoin Morgan won the toss, with their attack featuring recalled fast bowler Mark Wood.
But Pakistan coped well on a ground where England had twice set a world record for the highest one-day international total -- 444 for three against Pakistan in 2016 and last year's 481 for six against Australia.
Yet having failed to defend a score of 340 against England -- the world's top-ranked ODI side -- at Trent Bridge last month, the worry for Pakistan was that they may not have put enough runs on the board.
For all the talk about England's quicks, it was off-spinner Moeen Ali who took the first three wickets Monday on his way to figures of three for 50.
By contrast, fast bowler Jofra Archer's 10 wicketless overs cost 79 runs while Woakes, who equalled the record of four catches by an outfielder in a World Cup innings, took an expensive three for 71 in eight overs.
Tournament favourites England were surprisingly sloppy with their ground fielding.
Pakistan, who have lost their past 11 completed one-day internationals, including a 4-0 series defeat to England, went on the attack from the start, with Fakhar Zaman and Imam-ul-Haq giving their side early momentum.
But a stand of 82 ended when Fakhar was stumped by Jos Buttler off Moeen for 36.
Imam holed out for 44 when he lofted Moeen only for Woakes, running round from long-off, to hold an excellent diving catch.
The normally mild-mannered Woakes turned to the crowd and cupped his ears in what appeared to be a response to barracking from spectators.
Babar completed a run-a-ball fifty before he too fell to the Moeen-Woakes combination while Hafeez, cashing in on his reprieve, hit a six and four off successive balls from leg-spinner Rashid on his way to a 39-ball fifty.
Hafeez lofted a loose legside delivery from Wood for six to go into the 80s, only to fall when he drove a catch to Woakes at long-off.
But Sarfaraz maintained the momentum with a 40-ball fifty
England captain Eoin Morgan won the toss and decided to bowl first as he prepared to unleash fast bowler Mark Wood against Pakistan in a World Cup match at Trent Bridge on Monday.
Wood was the only change to the England side that thrashed South Africa by 104 runs in the tournament opener at the Oval, with the Durham quick recalled in place of fellow paceman Liam Plunkett.
Pakistan collapsed to 105 all out against the West Indies, with several batsmen struggling against aggressive short-pitched bowling.
By recalling Wood, who like the in-form Jofra Archer is capable of bowling at speeds of 90 mph plus, England had clearly decided to see if they were still vulnerable to the bouncer.
Pakistan, who recently lost 4-0 to England in a one-day international series, recalled batsmen Asif Ali and Shoaib Malik, with Haris Sohail and Imad Wasim dropped.
This was Asif's first match since the death of his 19-month old daughter Dua Fatima, who had been receiving cancer treatment in the United States.
